Today, the IRS started sending out “Advance Child Tax Credits” to eligible taxpayers for 2021 that were voted into law as part of the American Rescue Plan Act in March.

The law did a number of things for the 2021 tax year only:

• It increased the amount of the Child Tax Credit from $2,000 for dependents under age 17 to $3,600 for ages 5 and under and $3,000 for ages 17 and under.

  • Dependents age 18 and up continue to generate a $500 tax credit, with no advance credit.

  • Note that in prior years, the credit dropped from $2,000 to $500 at age 17, not age 18. So effectively the Child Tax Credit for dependents age 17 increased from $500 to $3,000 for year 2021, which is quite substantial.

  • The ages are determined as of 12/31/21.

• The law allows for Advance Child Tax Credit payments to taxpayers over a 6 month period beginning July 15 through December 15, 2021. The advance payments are as follows:

  • Up to $1,800 of the $3,600 tax credit for ages 5 and under at a rate of $300 per month, beginning July 15th.

  • Up to $1,500 of the $3,000 tax credit for ages 6 to 17 at a rate of $250 per month, beginning July 15th.

  • The remaining 50% of the tax credit will be applied as usual when you file your 2021 tax return in 2022.

• However, there is a “first phaseout” of the increased Child Tax Credit in 2021 once your 2021 modified Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) reaches $150,000 for married filing joint, $112,500 for head of household and $75,000 for single filers.

  • This first phaseout begins to reduce the Child Tax Credit from $3,000 or $3,600 down to $2,000.

  • The reduction is $50 of tax credit for each $1,000 in AGI in excess of the limits shown above. That means the Child Tax Credit drops to $2,000 if your income is $30,000 (ages 6 to 17) or $36,000 (ages 5 and under) greater than the limits.

• There’s also a “second phaseout” if your income reaches $400,000 married filing joint or $200,000 for other filing statuses as there has been in prior years.

Isn’t this great how uncomplicated the rules are? <sarcasm>

How do they determine if you will be receiving the Advance Child Tax Credit? Based on your 2020, or if not filed yet, your 2019 tax return.

The IRS will be sending out “Letter 6419” next January to show the total amount of Advance Child Tax Credits paid. They will need to be included in your 2021 tax returns to derive any remaining Child Tax Credit.

The Advance Child Tax Credits are not taxable income. HOWEVER, if your tax situation changes significantly in 2021 and as a result you are not eligible for the full Child Tax Credit, but you receive the Advance Child Tax Credits, you may have to pay back some of the money when you file the return. For example:

• Your income increased in 2021 and you are no longer eligible for the increased tax credit.

• You no longer claim the dependent for whatever reason.

If you think you are in this situation, you can OPT OUT of receiving the Advance Child Tax Credits at https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/advance-child-tax-credit-payments-in-2021.

• You cannot opt out of payments already received, but you can opt out of future payments.

Inversely, your tax situation may have changed in 2021 that would allow you to receive more Advance Child Tax Credits:

• You had a baby in 2021 or otherwise have additional dependents under age 18.

• Your AGI dropped in 2021 and as a result you are now eligible for Child Tax Credits based on your reduced income.

• Your tax filing status changed in 2021 (single to married, or vice versa) and that changes your eligibility for Child Tax Credits.

Go to the link above to update your information with the IRS to start receiving Advance Child Tax Credits.